Rao Clinic is dedicated to advancing the science of endovascular medicine through rigorous clinical investigation, technical innovation, and peer-reviewed scholarship.
As a high-volume center specializing in embolization therapies and complex peripheral interventions, our team contributes to the growing body of evidence shaping minimally invasive treatment paradigms for osteoarthritis, chronic limb-threatening ischemia, and complex arterial disease.
Our published work reflects a commitment not only to procedural excellence, but to measurable clinical outcomes, safety, and reproducibility. Through prospective studies, pilot series, and detailed technical reports, we aim to refine therapeutic strategies, expand access for high-risk patients, and elevate standards of care within interventional practice.
The research presented below represents our ongoing mission to bridge clinical innovation with academic rigor — ensuring that advances in technique are supported by data, transparency, and peer-reviewed validation.
Konduru N, Hnatov A, Joshua SP, Metry M, Singh H, Rao S
Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology (CVIR), 2026
DOI: 10.1007/s00270-025-04318-x
Single-center prospective study
37 post-TKA patients with persistent pain ≥1 year
This prospective analysis demonstrates that genicular artery embolization (GAE) is an effective adjunct treatment for patients with persistent pain following total knee arthroplasty.
Konduru N, Juneja S, Joshua S, Hnatov A, Iqbal A, Thomas M, Rao S
Swiss Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2024
DOI: 10.59667/sjoranm.v16i1.14
Case series (4 patients)
≥50% reduction in VAS
Trans-arterial embolization (TAE) demonstrated promising short-term clinical success for chronic hand osteoarthritis pain, with meaningful pain reduction and improved quality of life.
Krishnamurthy P, Konduru N, Rao S
Swiss Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, 2026
DOI: 10.59667/sjoranm.v27i1.28
Prospective pilot case series (4 patients)
100%
Multivessel hip embolization demonstrated sustained pain relief in patients with osteoarthritis who were not surgical candidates.
Konduru N, Hnatov A, Rao S
JVS – Vascular Insights, 2026
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsvi.2025.100339
Prospective observational study (357 patients)
96.6%
4.5% (minor, transient)
51.3 ± 13 minutes
25% improvement after 50 cases
Retrograde tibiopedal access offers a safe and efficient alternative to femoral access for GAE, with high technical success and low complication rates.
Rao S, Hnatov A, Tarra T, Amparo A, Bhargava M
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports, 2023
DOI: 10.1177/2050313X231198370
Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI)
Phoenix 1.5mm Atherectomy System
Demonstrates successful debulking of complex, calcified infrapopliteal CTO lesions using a front-cutting atherectomy system.
Rao S
Reflow Medical Case Report, 2024
74-year-old male with CLI
300mm SFA CTO
Demonstrates successful pedal-first CTO crossing using the Wingman™ catheter.
Rao S
Reflow Medical Case Report, 2024
42-year-old female with Rutherford Class 3 disease
Popliteal artery CTO
Highlights the use of specialized CTO crossing tools for complex popliteal occlusions.
Comprehensive, research-driven medical care led by Dr. Siddhartha Rao — serving North Carolina with expertise in GAE, orthopaedics, vascular care, primary care, and more.
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